Preparation: Preheat the oven to 350°F (177°C). Line a 12-cup muffin pan with cupcake liners. Set aside.
Combine Dry Ingredients: Whisk the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt together. Set aside.
Cream Butter and Sugar: Using a handheld or stand mixer fitted with a paddle attachment, beat the butter and sugar together on high speed until creamy, about 2 minutes. Scrape down the sides and up the bottom of the bowl with a rubber spatula as needed.
Add Eggs: Add the eggs and vanilla extract. Beat on medium-high speed until combined. Scrape down the sides and up the bottom of the bowl as needed.
Add Dry Ingredients: With the mixer on low speed, add the dry ingredients until just incorporated. With the mixer still running on low, slowly pour in the milk until just combined.
Add Lime: Turn down to low speed and beat in the lime zest and juice until incorporated. Try to avoid overmixing.
Bake: Pour/spoon the batter into the liners. Fill only 2/3 full. Bake for 17-20 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.